The Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly election, 2007 were held in April–May 2007 to elect a government for the state of Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) in India.
The election was held in seven phases:
These elections were another major example of the pollsters getting it wrong at Indian Elections. In a similar pattern to the 2004 General Elections. The pollsters overpredicted the votes of the BJP.
The results by party are as follows:
In 2007, the participation by criminals increased significantly. Prior to elections, 74% more criminal politicians were given tickets by the mainstream parties (Source: UP Election Watch, independent NGO headed by ex-DIG Ishwar P. Dwivedi):
At least six candidates campaigned from jails, broadcasting live speeches through illegal mobile phones smuggled into their jail cells while jailors looked the other way.
However, partially owing to the strict measures adopted during elections, only 100 persons with criminal records won the elections (as opposed to 206 in the previous elections). These include the elected Chief Minister Mayawati, who is facing embezzlement charges stemming from the Rs.175 crore (USD 40 million) Taj Corridor Case, the leader of the opposition Mulayam Singh Yadav, and other ganglords and hardened criminals (see Criminal-Politicians below). In many of these instances, opposition campaigners did not feel safe enough to put up a vibrant campaign, and in some situations, the mainstream parties reached alliances with the criminals and did not put up serious competition (e.g., Mukhtar Ansari). However, to some extent, these victories may also reflect a perception that these criminal politicians are able to deliver some level of well-being to their communities.
For example, the Soraon Assembly constituency in Allahabad district is one where all 11 candidates in the fray had criminal cases pending against them. Here Mohd. Mustaba Siddiqi of the Bahujan Samaj Party (38280 votes, 29.41%) defeated Mohd. Ayub of the Samajwadi Party (32739/25.15%).
Organisation of the election
With 166 million people, U.P. is about the size of France, Germany, and the Benelux nations combined. There are 113 million voters, and 403 electoral seats, with an average of a quarter of a million voters in each constituency. The elections were conducted for 402 seats at 110,000 polling stations under very strict guidelines by the autonomous Election Commission of India. More than 46% of the electorate cast their votes...The election was held in seven phases:
- Phase 1 : 2007-04-07
- Phase 2 : 2007-04-13
- Phase 3 : 2007-04-18
- Phase 4 : 2007-04-23
- Phase 5 : 2007-04-28
- Phase 6 : 2007-05-03
- Phase 7 : 2007-05-08
Election result
Exit polls suggested that the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) may emerge as the largest party with between 110 and 160 seats; however, it far outstripped this prediction bagging an absolute majority of 206 seats out of a total 403 in the assembly. In contrast, Samajwadi Party, Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Indian National Congress were reduced very significantly.These elections were another major example of the pollsters getting it wrong at Indian Elections. In a similar pattern to the 2004 General Elections. The pollsters overpredicted the votes of the BJP.
The results by party are as follows:
| UP State Assembly Elections, 2007 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidates Fielded |
Won | Last Vidhan Sabha | |
| BSP | 403 | 206 | 67(*) | |
| Samajwadi Party | 393 | 97 | 152 | |
| BJP | 350 | 51 | 83 | |
| Congress | 393 | 22 | 25 | |
| RLD | 254 | 10 | 15 | |
| Rashtriya Parivartan Dal | 14 | 2 | 1 | |
| Akhil Bhartiya Loktantrik Congress (ABLC) | 2 | 1 | 2 | |
| JD(U) | 16 | 1 | 2 | |
| UP United Democratic Front (UPUDF) | 54 | 1 | ||
| Bharatiya Jan Shakti | 66 | 1 | ||
| Jan Morcha | 118 | 1 | ||
| Rashtriya Swabhimaan Party | 122 | 1 | ||
| Independent | 2581 | 9 | 16 | |
| Total | 6086 | 403 | ||
Defections
The BSP had won 98 seats in the last elections, but 33 MLAs defected to the Samajwadi Party in 2003, in a move that may have been illegal but was permitted by the then speaker Kesri Nath Tripathi.Blanked out
In addition, 116 parties fielded candidates but failed to win a seat. The parties with more than 50 candidates fielded without outcome are:-
- Indian Justice Party (121)
- Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party (97)
- Lok Dal (76)
- National Lokhind Party (74)
- Lok Jan Shakti Party (72)
- Rashtriya Janata Dal (66)
- Shiv Sena (59)
Rainbow coalition
A characteristic of the BSP win was the amalgamation of Brahmin votes into the Dalit dominated party, an approach that has been called the rainbow coalition. This is in contrast to the decades-old trend of exploiting deep-rooted caste divisions in the state between Dalits, Upper Castes, Muslims and different OBC groups, which tend to vote in blocks.List of winners
This is the list of winners consolidated from the Election Commission of India party-wise results pages (ECI website).Criminalisation in the U.P. 2007 elections
The number of criminal-politicians participating in the elections have been growing, particularly because they have been successful in the past. In the U.P. Assembly elections, 2002, candidates with criminal records won 206 out of 403 seats in the assembly, i.e. more criminals were elected than regular politicians.In 2007, the participation by criminals increased significantly. Prior to elections, 74% more criminal politicians were given tickets by the mainstream parties (Source: UP Election Watch, independent NGO headed by ex-DIG Ishwar P. Dwivedi):
- Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP): 36.27%
- Samajwadi Party (SP): 27.01 %
- Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP): 23.05%
- Indian National Congress (INC) : 21.60%
At least six candidates campaigned from jails, broadcasting live speeches through illegal mobile phones smuggled into their jail cells while jailors looked the other way.
However, partially owing to the strict measures adopted during elections, only 100 persons with criminal records won the elections (as opposed to 206 in the previous elections). These include the elected Chief Minister Mayawati, who is facing embezzlement charges stemming from the Rs.175 crore (USD 40 million) Taj Corridor Case, the leader of the opposition Mulayam Singh Yadav, and other ganglords and hardened criminals (see Criminal-Politicians below). In many of these instances, opposition campaigners did not feel safe enough to put up a vibrant campaign, and in some situations, the mainstream parties reached alliances with the criminals and did not put up serious competition (e.g., Mukhtar Ansari). However, to some extent, these victories may also reflect a perception that these criminal politicians are able to deliver some level of well-being to their communities.
For example, the Soraon Assembly constituency in Allahabad district is one where all 11 candidates in the fray had criminal cases pending against them. Here Mohd. Mustaba Siddiqi of the Bahujan Samaj Party (38280 votes, 29.41%) defeated Mohd. Ayub of the Samajwadi Party (32739/25.15%).
Alleged and convicted criminal-politicians who won
Samajwadi Party
- Mukhtar Ansari, (Independent, supported by Samajwadi Party/Bharatiya Janata Party): won as (Independent) from Mau, while he was in Jhansi jail, facing charges in the murder of BJP ganglord-MLA from Ghazipur, Krishnanand Rai. His brother Afzal Ansari became the Lok Sabha MP from Ghazipur, after Krishnanand Rai was killed, and is also in jail for the murder, which was apparently executed by the Munna Bajrangi gang which is known to be close to the Ansari's. Mukhtar is named in 29 criminal cases (the third highest in these elections), but is close to Mulayam Singh Yadav, and the Samajwadi Party did not put up a candidate against him. He also is said to be close to Sonia Gandhi's Indian National Congress party, who put up only a dummy candidate, Gopal, against him; Gopal garnered only three thousand votes and lost his deposit. A large faction of the Mau Congress executive committee members had resigned en masse to protest against choosing such a dummy candidate.
- Raghuraj Pratap Singh (Independent, supported by Samajwadi Party/Bharatiya Janata Party): alias Raja Bhaiyya, with 35 criminal cases filed against him. Raja Bhaiyya is from the princely family of Kunda. A skull found in a palace pond allegedly belongs to scooterist Santosh Misra who was guilty of daring to overatake his convoy. He won as an independent from Kunda with an overwhelming margin of 53,000 votes (48%) over Shiv Prakash Mishra of the BSP.
- Mukhtar Ansari's eldest brother Sibakatullah Ansari (Samajwadi Party): won from Mohammadabad, which used to be the constituency for the slain BJP MLA Krishnanand Rai. Shibakatullah defeated Krishnanand's wife Alka Rai (BJP), who was standing on a platform of seeking justice for the murder of her husband, apparently by the Ansari's
- Chandrabhadra Singh alias Sonu (Samajwadi Party), from Issauli in Sultanpur district, is accused, along with seven others, in the murder of the gangster-Saint Gyaneshwar in Allahabad. After Mayawati's accession to power, Chandrabhadra was arrested as one of her first directives
Bahujan Samaj Party
- Badshah Singh ([BSP): Don from Maudaha, is facing six criminal charges, including attempted murder, extortion, and kidnapping. Won at Maudaha by defeating Apni Chiraiya Prajapati of the Samajwadi Party by a margin of 17 thousand votes (15%). Currently a Minister of State in the Mayawati cabinet.
- Anand Sen Yadav, (BSP): Son of BSP gangster Member of Parliament Mitra Sen Yadav (currently being investigated in the human trafficking scam along with Babulal Katara). Anand, who is in Jail facing over 12 cases including murder and extortion, won from Milkipur , and has been appointed Minister of State in the Mayawati cabinet.
- Daddan or Daddan Misra (BSP), from Bhinga. According to his election affidavit, Daddan has cases registered under IPC 147, 148, 199, 448, 453, 323, 427, 511;
- Jamuna Nishad from Pipraich (cabinet minister, resigned on 2008-06-08 after being named in the murder of a policeman[16].)
- Avadhpal Singh Yadav (BSP), won from Aliganj and is currently Minister of State.
- Sangram Singh (BSP) from Nawabganj[disambiguation needed
] (cabinet minister)
- Shazil Islam Ansari (BSP): won from Bhojipura, and appointed a minister of state in Maya cabinet.
Rashtriya Parivartan Dal
- D. P. Yadav, mafia don and erstwhile liquor baron from Western U.P. (Rashtriya Parivartan Dal): Scraped through from Sahaswan, with a 109 vote margin (0.1%) over the Samajwadi Party incumbent Omkar Singh
- D. P. Yadav's wife Umlesh Yadav (Rashtriya Parivartan Dal) won more handily from Bisauli, defeating incumbent Samajwadi Party legislator Yogendra Singh Kunnu with a margin of 13,400 votes (10%).
Alleged and convicted criminal-politicians who lost
Rashtriya Lok Dal
- Chhotelal Vishwakarma of Rashtriya Lok Dal, with 24 cases against him, lost from Gangapur in Varanasi District. He polled only two thousand votes and lost his deposit. Surendra Singh Patel of the Samajwadi Party won from this constituency with a lead of ten thousand votes (6%) over Neel Ratan Patel of Apna Dal.
Apna Dal/Bharatiya Janata Party
- Pawan Pandey (Apna Dal, supported by Bharatiya Janata Party), who has 63 criminal cases pending against him (the highest number of cases pending against any candidate in this election) lost in Akbarpur, trailing the winner Ram Achal Rajbhar of Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) by nearly twelve thousand votes (13%).
- Abhay Singh, a criminal-politician in jail charged with several murder cases against him, fielded his wife Sarita Singh on Apna Dal ticket from Bikapur seat in Faizabad district. At one point, he conducted a meeting with the sector-in-charge inside the jail. Abhay Singh has also been accused of making threatening calls to voters from inside the Faizabad jail. While Sarita Singh polled forty thousand votes, she came third, trailing the winner Jitendra Kumar Bablu Bhaiya (BSP) by 13 thousand votes (8%).
References
- ^ [1]
- ^ UP Assembly Election Results, Election Commission Website
- ^ Kanshi Ram: from BAMCEF to the Bahujana Samaj Party (November 20, 2000). "Untouchable politics and politicians since 1956". ambedkar.org. Retrieved 2007-05-13.
- ^ Arun Chaubey (May 2007). "Will post-poll tie-up solve the puzzle?". Zee News. Archived from the original on 2007-05-15. Retrieved 2007-05-29.
- ^ Somini Sengupta (2007-05-12c). "Brahmin Vote Helps Party of Low Caste Win in India". The New York Times. Retrieved 2007-05-12.
- ^ http://partyanalyst.com/electionDetailsReportAction.action?electionId=158&stateID=27&stateName=Uttar%20Pradesh&electionType=Assembly&electionTypeId=2&year=2007
- ^ http://partyanalyst.com/statePageAction.action?stateId=27
- ^ The criminalisation of Indian democracy (May 2, 2007). "Jo Johnson". Financial Times. Retrieved 2007-05-12.
- ^ a b "Many with criminal past in polls". The Hindu. 2007-04-28. Retrieved 2007-05-13.
- ^ Election Commission Results, Soraon Constituency
- ^ Election Commission Results, Mau Constittuatn
- ^ a b c "Tainted Ministers dominate Mayawati’s Cabinet". India Tribune. May 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-05-30.
- ^ results: 120
- ^ "Assembly Election 2007 - Affidavits filed by Candidate". Office of Chief Electoral Officer - Uttar Pradesh. Retrieved 2007-05-13.
- ^ Press Trust of India (2007-05-13). "Tainted candidates make it to UP Assembly". Daily Pioneer. Archived from the original on 2007-02-21. Retrieved 2007-05-13.Partial list of criminal-politicians who have won.
- ^ Associated Press (2008-06-10). "Former Indian minister, 12 supporters arrested for allegedly killing police officer". International Herald Tribune. Retrieved 2008-06-10.
- ^ Election Commission Results, Sahaswan Constituency
- ^ Election Commission Results, Bisauli Constituency
- ^ M Hasan, Lucknow (2007-05-13). "Bitter poll pill for most mafia dons". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2007-05-29.
- ^ Arun Chaubey (May 2007). "Will the Brahmin tilt be crucial in Phase VII?". Zee News. Archived from the original on 2007-05-22. Retrieved 2007-05-29.
- ^ Siddharth Kalhans (May 1, 2007). "Behind bars, musclemen still keep EC on its toes". Indian Express. Retrieved 2007-05-13.
- ^ "Uttar Pradesh Assembly Polls : Gangsters join race for UP Assembly". Sify.com. April 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-12.
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